Pregnancy Rates in Day 3, 4, and 5 Embryo Transfers in IVF Cycles: A Comparative Study

Background: Infertility affects about 1 in 6 people worldwide, including 10–15% of reproductive-age couples in Indonesia. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a key technology to overcome infertility, with success influenced by factors such as patient age and embryo transfer timing. This study aims to compare pregnancy rates based on patient age and embryo transfer days (3, 4, and 5) to support more effective clinical decision-making in IVF programs.

Objectives: Comparing and analyzing pregnancy rates in IVF program patients based on patient age and embryo transfer on days 3, 4, and 5.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study used medical records of 460 IVF patients at Tiara IVF Clinic, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya (2018–2023). Biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates were analyzed according to patient age and embryo transfer day (day 3, 4, 5) using Chi-square tests.

Results: The highest biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates were observed in the 26-30 age group and embryo transfer on day 4. The Chi Square test for the age variable showed a significant difference with p=0.009 for biochemical pregnancy and p<0.001 for clinical pregnancy. The Chi Square test for the embryo transfer day variable also showed a significant difference with p=0.007 for biochemical pregnancy and p=0.001 for clinical pregnancy.

Conclusion: There were significant differences in biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates based on patient age and embryo transfer day. Limited sample size and other unobserved factors remain important limitations in this study.