Literature Review: The Relationship between knowledge of Sexually Transmitted Disease (STIs) with The Willingness and Practice of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination in Generation Z

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a major global public health problem, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common STIs and is strongly associated with cervical cancer, which continues to impose a significant disease burden, especially in developing countries. Generation Z, defined as individuals born between 1997 and 2012, represents the age group with the highest incidence of STIs, yet HPV vaccination coverage in this population remains low. This literature review aims to examine the relationship between knowledge of sexually transmitted infections and both the willingness and practice of HPV vaccination among Generation Z. This study employed a literature review design using a cross-sectional analytical framework. Scientific articles published between 2016 and 2026 were identified through Google Scholar and Scopus databases using keywords related to HPV, sexually transmitted infections, knowledge, vaccination intention, and vaccination practice. From 20 identified articles, 8 studies met the inclusion criteria and were critically analyzed. The findings indicate that higher levels of knowledge regarding STIs, HPV infection, cervical cancer, and HPV vaccination are generally associated with stronger intentions to receive HPV vaccination among adolescents and university students. However, this increased intention does not consistently lead into actual vaccination practices. Several studies reported no significant association between knowledge and HPV vaccine uptake. Barriers to vaccination practice include parental decision-making, perceived risk, vaccine cost, limited access, and concerns regarding vaccine safety. In conclusion, knowledge plays an important role in shaping HPV vaccination intention but is insufficient on its own to ensure vaccination practice among Generation Z. Comprehensive strategies involving parental engagement, cost reduction, and targeted health education are essential to improve HPV vaccination coverage and reduce the burden of HPV-related diseases.