Changes in causes and outcomes of thoracic trauma cases during the COVID-19 pandemic: Literature review

Thoracic trauma refers to injuries affecting the chest area, which can lead to damage to the ribs, lungs, heart, and blood vessels. The most common cause of thoracic trauma is motor vehicle accidents. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the implementation of various policies that have impacted multiple sectors, including healthcare systems and daily habits. Changes in healthcare systems are not limited to infectious cases but also extend to trauma cases. Various challenges have emerged alongside the increasing number of COVID-19 infections, such as shortages of personal protective equipment, ventilators, and hospital beds. The enforcement of pandemic-related policies has also resulted in alterations to daily routines. Lockdowns and social distancing measures have contributed to a decrease in traffic accidents due to reduced public mobility. Additionally, delays in seeking treatment for thoracic trauma due to fears of contracting COVID-19 have led to changes in outcomes. This literature review aims to identify the changes that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly concerning the causes and outcomes of thoracic trauma cases.